Construction Coordinator Practice Exam

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How does a time domain reflectometer (TDR) determine the distance to a reflection?

  1. By measuring the length of the cable directly

  2. By converting pulse travel time into distance

  3. By using a visual inspection method

  4. By analyzing the frequency of the signals

The correct answer is: By converting pulse travel time into distance

A time domain reflectometer (TDR determines the distance to a reflection by sending a pulse of electrical energy down a cable and measuring the time it takes for that pulse to travel to a discontinuity (such as a fault, break, or other defect) and reflect back to the TDR. The TDR uses the speed of the signal traveling through the medium to calculate the distance: the time it takes for the pulse to return is converted into a distance measurement using the formula distance = (velocity x time) / 2, where the division by two accounts for the round trip of the pulse. This method is based on the principle that the velocity of the signal in a specific type of cable is relatively constant and can be determined or known in advance. Thus, the effective measurement of distance relies on the accurate interpretation of pulse travel time, making this approach essential for diagnosing cable issues and effectively determining their location.

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